a)\(P\left(x\right)=M\left(x\right)+N\left(x\right)\)

\(P\left(x\right)=x^4+3x-\dfrac{1}{9}-x+3x^4+2x^2+8x-2x^3+2x^3+\dfrac{2}{3}+4x-4x^4-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(P\left(x\right)=2x^2+\dfrac{2}{9}+14x\)

\(a,Q\left(x\right)=-3x^4+4x^3+2x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}-3x-2x^4-4x^3+8x^4+1+3x\\ =\left(-3x^4-2x^4+8x^4\right)+\left(4x^3-4x^3\right)+2x^2+\left(3x-3x\right)+1\\ =3x^4+2x^2+1\\ b,Q\left(x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^4+2x^2+1=0\\ \Delta=b^2-4ac=2^2-4.3.1=-8< 0\)

Vậy Q(x) không có nghiệm

1: A(x)=5x^4+4x^4+x^2+x^2-x+3

=9x^4+2x^2-x+3

B(x)=-8x^4-x^3-2x^2+3

2: A(x)+B(x)

=9x^4+2x^2-x+3-8x^4-x^3-2x^2+3

=x^4-x^3-x+6

A(x)-B(x)

=9x^4+2x^2-x+3+8x^4+x^3+2x^2-3

=17x^4+x^3+4x^2-x

bậc của A(x)-B(x) là 4

3: P(x)=x^4-x^3-x+6-x^4+x^3=-x+6

P(6)=-6+6=0

=>x=6 là nghiệm của P(x)

\(A\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+\dfrac{11}{3}x^2-6x-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2+\dfrac{7}{4}x^3+2x+3\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+\dfrac{7}{4}x^3\right)+\left(\dfrac{11}{3}x^2-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2\right)-\left(6x-2x\right)+3\)
\(=2x^3+3x^2-4x+3\)

 a) G(x) = 2x⁵-4x⁴-10x³+3x²-4x-8

      H(x) = x⁵-2x⁴-5x³+x²+7x-4

b) G(x)+H(x)=3x⁵-6x⁴-15x³+4x²+3x-12

    G(x)-H(x) =x⁵-2x⁴-5x³+2x²-11x-4

c) G(x) = 2H(x)

2x⁵-4x⁴-10x³+3x²-4x-8=2( x⁵-2x⁴-5x³+x²+7x-4)

2x⁵-4x⁴-10x³+3x²-4x-8-2( x⁵-2x⁴-5x³+x²+7x-4)=0

2x⁵-4x⁴-10x³+3x²-4x-8-2x⁵+4x⁴⁺10x³-2x²-14x+8=0

x²-18x=0

x(x-18)=0

x=0 hoặc x-18=0

                x=18

a,

 \(Q\left(x\right)=-3x^4+4x^3+2x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}-3x-2x^4-4x^3+8x^4+1+3x\\ =\left(-3x^4-2x^4+8x^4\right)+\left(4x^3-4x^3\right)+2x^2+\left(-3x+3x\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+1\right)\\ =3x^4+0+2x^2+0+\dfrac{5}{3}\\ =3x^4+2x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}\)

b, Ta có

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4\ge0\\x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow3x^4+2x^2\ge0\\ \Rightarrow3x^4+2x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}\ge\dfrac{5}{3}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\left(x\right)\) lớn hẳn hơn 0

\(\Rightarrow Q\left(x\right)\) vô nghiệm 

a, \(A\left(x\right)+4x^3-x=-5x^2-2x^3+5+3x^2+2x\\ \Leftrightarrow A\left(x\right)=-5x^2-2x^3+5+3x^2+2x-4x^3+x=\left(-2x^3-4x^3\right)+\left(-5x^2+3x^2\right)+\left(2x+x\right)+5\\ =-6x^3-2x^2+3x+5\)

b,  \(B\left(x\right)=A\left(x\right):\left(x-1\right)=\left(-6x^3-2x^2+3x+5\right):\left(x-1\right)=-6x^2-8x-5\)

Thay \(x=-1\) vào \(B\left(x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow-6.\left(-1\right)^2-8\left(-1\right)-5=-3\ne0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-1\) không là nghiệm của B(x)